China has the world’s largest electric two-wheeler market, creating substantial demand for batteries used in electric bicycles, electric mopeds, electric motorcycles, and commercial applications such as food delivery and logistics. This China electric two-wheeler battery market report examines the industry’s market development, key growth drivers, battery technologies, major companies, and future opportunities.
The China electric two-wheeler battery industry is supported by a large installed vehicle base, established battery manufacturers, and a well-developed supply chain. Its battery market covers several technologies, including lead-acid, lithium-ion, and emerging sodium-ion batteries, serving both consumer mobility and commercial fleets.
This report examines the factors shaping China’s electric two-wheeler battery market, including market demand, government policies, technology changes, competition, supply chains, and battery recycling. It also looks at how the market may develop as lithium-ion adoption expands and newer battery technologies move into commercial applications.
Key Takeaways of China Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Market
China’s electric two-wheeler battery market is supported by large-scale vehicle adoption, strong domestic manufacturing, and steady demand from both individual users and commercial fleets. The market is also becoming more diverse as lithium-ion batteries gain ground alongside the established lead-acid segment.
Key Area |
Market Insight |
Market Position |
China has the world’s largest electric two-wheeler market, with widespread use of electric bicycles, electric mopeds, and electric motorcycles. |
Battery Transition |
Lead-acid remains important in low-cost and replacement markets, while LFP lithium batteries are gaining share in new OEM and commercial applications. |
Growth Drivers |
Urban mobility, food delivery, logistics fleets, vehicle replacement, and battery-swapping services are supporting battery demand. |
Industry Players |
Major battery suppliers include Tianneng Power, Chaowei (CHILWEE), CATL, and Phylion Battery. Leading OEMs include Yadea, Aima, NIU, and Ninebot. |
Future Trends |
Lithium adoption, sodium-ion pilot applications, smart BMS, and battery recycling are expected to influence the industry’s development. |
Market Note: Lead-acid batteries remain significant in low-cost and replacement segments, while lithium-ion batteries are increasingly important in new OEM installations and commercial electric two-wheelers.
Overview of China Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Market
China’s electric two-wheeler battery market covers the batteries used in electric bicycles, electric mopeds, electric motorcycles, and commercial two-wheelers. The market is supported by a large domestic electric two-wheeler fleet, established battery manufacturers, and a well-developed manufacturing ecosystem.
China is a leading market for electric two-wheeler batteries because of its large vehicle base, mature battery industry, integrated supply chain, and strong demand from both personal mobility and commercial applications.
Definition and Scope of China's Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Market
The China electric two-wheeler battery market refers to the supply and use of battery systems for electric two-wheelers in China. The vehicle scope includes electric bicycles, electric mopeds, electric motorcycles, and commercial two-wheelers used for applications such as food delivery and logistics.
From the battery side, the market includes four main areas:
- Battery cells: The basic electrochemical units used in lead-acid and lithium-ion systems, with emerging sodium-ion cells in pilot and early commercial applications.
- Battery packs: Complete battery systems assembled for specific electric two-wheeler applications. The complexity of the battery management system (BMS) varies by chemistry and application, with lithium-ion packs typically featuring more advanced management systems than lead-acid.
- Replacement batteries: Batteries supplied to replace aging or degraded batteries in electric two-wheelers already in use.
- Battery applications: Battery systems used across consumer and commercial electric two-wheelers, including food-delivery, logistics, and shared mobility operations.
The market therefore covers both batteries installed in new vehicles and replacement batteries. Personal-use vehicles generally prioritize affordability, range, and everyday reliability, while commercial applications place greater emphasis on durability and frequent use.
Why China Leads the Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Industry
China has the world’s largest electric two-wheeler market by annual sales and installed base, creating substantial domestic demand for batteries. Electric two-wheelers are widely used for commuting, short-distance transportation, food delivery, logistics, and other commercial mobility services.
China also has a mature battery manufacturing ecosystem. Established capabilities in battery cells, materials, components, pack assembly, and related manufacturing provide a strong industrial foundation for electric two-wheeler battery production.
Another advantage is China’s integrated supply chain. Battery manufacturers, component suppliers, electric two-wheeler OEMs, and supporting industries operate within established manufacturing clusters, allowing companies to coordinate production, control costs, and develop battery systems for different vehicle applications.
Strong domestic demand further reinforces this ecosystem. The combination of personal mobility and commercial applications creates demand for both new-vehicle batteries and replacement batteries, supporting the development of the electric two-wheeler battery market in China and the wider industry.
Overall, China’s position is built on four factors: a large electric two-wheeler market, mature battery manufacturing, an integrated supply chain, and strong domestic demand.
China Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Market Size, Demand and Growth Outlook to 2030
China’s electric two-wheeler battery market operates at a very large scale, supported by a large installed base of electric two-wheelers and annual sales in the tens of millions. This creates demand from both new vehicle production and battery replacement across the existing fleet.
Market growth is not determined by new vehicle sales alone. Battery replacement, the shift from lead-acid to lithium-ion technology, and growing demand for higher-value battery systems are also shaping how the market develops.
Current Market Size and Battery Demand in China
The current size of China’s electric two-wheeler battery market comes mainly from two sources: batteries installed in new electric two-wheelers and replacement batteries for vehicles already in use.
China’s electric two-wheeler market sees annual sales in the tens of millions of units[2], although reported figures vary depending on the vehicle classifications and statistical scope used by different sources. The country’s large installed fleet also creates recurring demand for replacement batteries as existing batteries reach the end of their service life.
Key points on the current market:
- Electric two-wheeler population: A large installed fleet has built up over years of widespread adoption.
- Annual vehicle sales: Tens of millions of electric two-wheelers are sold each year, with figures varying by source and vehicle classification.
- Annual battery demand: Comes from both new-vehicle installations and replacement batteries.
- Replacement demand: Recurring demand from aging or degraded batteries across the installed fleet.
- Market value per battery: Increasing with greater adoption of lithium-ion batteries and higher-value applications.
The replacement market is an important part of China’s electric two-wheeler battery demand. Batteries generally require replacement before the vehicle itself reaches the end of its useful life, allowing the installed fleet to generate recurring battery demand even when new vehicle sales remain relatively stable.
Battery chemistry also affects market value. Lead-acid batteries remain important in low-cost and replacement segments, while lithium-ion batteries have gained a stronger position in new OEM installations and commercial electric two-wheelers. As lithium-ion adoption increases, the average value of battery systems can rise even without a proportional increase in vehicle volumes.
So when looking at the size of China’s electric two-wheeler battery market, it makes sense to consider both battery volume and market value. New vehicle production creates initial battery demand, while the large installed fleet provides an ongoing replacement market.
China Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Market Growth Forecast 2026–2030
The China electric two-wheeler battery market forecast for 2026–2030 points to continued demand, with growth increasingly influenced by battery replacement and technology upgrading rather than rapid expansion of the already mature vehicle market.
The main factors supporting battery demand during the forecast period include:
- Battery replacement: The large installed fleet will continue generating demand as existing batteries age or lose capacity.
- Lithium-ion adoption: Greater use of lithium-ion batteries, particularly LFP, is expected to increase demand for higher-value battery systems.
- Commercial battery demand: High-utilization electric two-wheelers require durable batteries and more frequent replacement over their operating life.
- Vehicle replacement: Trade-in and replacement activity can generate additional demand for new battery installations.
Global market research provides a useful reference point for the industry’s broader direction. Mordor Intelligence estimates that the global electric two-wheeler battery market will grow from approximately USD 12.11 billion in 2025 to USD 27.85 billion by 2030, representing a CAGR of 18.13%. [1]This figure describes the global market, not China specifically.
China’s growth rate may differ from the global average because the country already has a highly developed electric two-wheeler market and a large installed fleet. Its 2026–2030 battery demand is therefore likely to depend more heavily on replacement cycles, battery technology upgrades, and changes in battery value per vehicle.
Over the forecast period, market growth is expected to rely less on rapid vehicle-volume expansion and more on replacement demand, technology upgrades, and higher-value battery adoption. The exact China-specific CAGR depends on the market definition used, particularly whether the forecast measures battery shipments, battery revenue, or the broader electric two-wheeler battery industry.
Market outlook: China’s electric two-wheeler battery market is expected to remain a large and structurally important market through 2030, with replacement demand providing a stable base while lithium-ion adoption supports growth in battery value.
Key Growth Drivers of China’s Two-Wheeler Battery Market
Beyond new vehicle sales, several real-world uses keep driving battery demand in China: food delivery and other commercial uses, battery swapping, fleet electrification, and the everyday use of e-bikes for short trips in cities.
These factors matter because e-bikes used for commercial work or frequent daily travel typically see much higher battery utilization. That higher use can lead to more frequent battery replacements, creating recurring demand for battery systems.
Growth of Food Delivery and Commercial Mobility
Food delivery and other commercial mobility services are a major source of battery demand in China. Delivery riders and logistics fleets rely heavily on electric two-wheelers for frequent short-distance trips, so battery performance and availability directly affect daily operations.
Commercial riders typically use their vehicles for many hours each day. This high-frequency operation increases battery utilization and can lead to more frequent battery replacement compared with lower-use private vehicles. As a result, the expansion of delivery and logistics fleets creates recurring demand for both new and replacement batteries.
Commercial users also tend to place greater emphasis on range, reliability, durability, and vehicle uptime. This tends to support demand for higher-value battery systems and helps grow the market for batteries used in electric delivery vehicles in China.
So the market impact comes from two things: more fleets going electric, and those vehicles being used very intensively. As more delivery and logistics operations depend on electric two-wheelers, battery demand becomes increasingly linked to commercial vehicle utilization rather than new vehicle sales alone.
Battery Swapping and Fleet Electrification
Battery swapping is becoming an important part of China’s electric two-wheeler ecosystem, especially for delivery and other high-utilization applications. The IEA notes that battery swapping can be particularly useful for two- and three-wheelers used for delivery services, where minimizing charging downtime is important.[3]
For the battery market, the importance of swapping lies mainly in how it changes battery utilization and fleet operations. Fleet operators can use standardized battery systems across vehicles, while battery-as-a-Service (BaaS) models can separate the battery from the vehicle purchase and create ongoing demand for battery supply and management through BaaS Technology.
This can support battery demand in several ways. Delivery fleets need enough batteries available to keep vehicles operating throughout the day, while swap-oriented business models can generate recurring demand for battery swap solutions, maintenance, replacement, and fleet expansion.
As battery swapping spreads across commercial e-bikes, it supports the battery market in two ways: batteries are used more intensively, and demand becomes more structured at the fleet level.
Expansion of Electric Two-Wheeler Ownership and Replacement Demand
Electric two-wheelers remain widely used in China for urban commuting and short-distance mobility. The IEA has highlighted electric two-wheelers as one of the most widely electrified road-transport segments, particularly in China.
A large installed fleet creates another important source of battery demand: replacement. Batteries generally need to be replaced before the vehicle itself reaches the end of its useful life, allowing continued electric two-wheeler ownership to generate recurring demand even when new vehicle sales fluctuate.
China’s electric bicycle trade-in program provides a clear example of this replacement cycle. By the end of June 2025, the national program had supported the replacement of more than 8 million electric bicycles, demonstrating the scale of replacement activity within the existing fleet.
This means China’s electric two-wheeler adoption supports the battery market through two connected channels: continued vehicle use and recurring battery replacement. Together, they provide a more stable source of battery demand than new vehicle sales alone.
Impact of China Policies on Two‑Wheeler Battery Market
China’s electric two‑wheeler policies are shaping the battery market through three main channels: tighter safety rules, stricter product compliance, and large‑scale trade‑in programs. Together, these policies determine which battery systems can be used in new vehicles and accelerate the replacement of older e‑bikes and their batteries.
Two policy changes matter most for batteries right now: the updated national standard for electric bicycles (GB 17761) and the continued rollout of national and local e‑bike trade‑in schemes.
New National Standard GB 17761 and Battery Safety Requirements
China’s updated national standard for electric bicycles, GB 17761‑2024, was issued on 31 December 2024 and took effect on 1 September 2025, replacing GB 17761‑2018. The new standard tightens safety and technical requirements for e‑bikes and pushes manufacturers to adjust vehicle designs and supply chains to stay compliant.
For the battery market, the key shift is that safety and compliance now matter more than before. Battery systems are tightly linked to overall vehicle safety, covering electrical performance, fire risk, and how the battery integrates into the vehicle. As manufacturers develop new models under the updated rules, battery choices have to balance vehicle weight, capacity, range, and regulatory compliance.
The new requirements do not simply favor one battery chemistry over another. Both lead‑acid and lithium‑ion batteries can serve different parts of the market, but any battery product must meet the safety and compliance rules that apply to its intended use.
Lithium‑ion batteries are especially relevant because China’s e‑bike trade‑in policies require qualifying replacement products to meet applicable standards and certifications. The 2024 national trade‑in implementation plan, for example, states that lithium‑ion battery e‑bikes used in the program should meet the relevant lithium‑battery safety standard.
As enforcement becomes stricter, non‑compliant batteries and unauthorized modifications are likely to find less room in the formal market. This gives compliant battery suppliers an advantage and makes battery quality, certification, and compatibility with new vehicle designs more important when e‑bike manufacturers choose suppliers.
Trade‑In Programs and Battery Replacement Market Growth
China’s electric bicycle trade‑in programs are creating an additional source of battery demand. Under the 2025 national program, consumers who scrap an old e‑bike and buy a qualifying new vehicle can receive a trade‑in subsidy, with local governments setting the detailed rules based on local conditions.
For the battery market, the effect is straightforward: when an old e‑bike is replaced, the new vehicle needs a new battery system. This adds battery demand on top of the normal replacement cycle for batteries already in use.
The policy can also influence the choice between lead‑acid and lithium‑ion batteries, but it is more accurate to see this as a safety and compliance issue rather than a simple shift from lithium‑ion to lead‑acid. The 2025 national policy allows local authorities to provide greater support in some cases when consumers replace older lithium‑battery e‑bikes with lead‑acid battery models. It also allows local governments to support qualifying lithium‑ion battery replacements.
This means both battery types can continue to have a role in the market. When considering lead acid battery vs lithium ion, lead-acid remains attractive in cost-sensitive and certain replacement applications, while compliant lithium-ion batteries can serve consumers and vehicles that need higher energy density or other performance advantages.
Trade‑in programs therefore do more than just boost new vehicle sales. They help remove older vehicles and batteries from the market, encourage consumers to move toward compliant products, and create additional demand for new battery systems.
For battery manufacturers, this makes safety, compliance, product quality, and compatibility increasingly important alongside price and performance. As China’s electric two‑wheeler fleet continues to go through replacement and upgrading, these factors will play a growing role in the battery market.
China Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Market Segmentation
China’s electric two-wheeler battery market can be segmented mainly by vehicle type and application. Different vehicles require different battery capacities and performance levels, while consumer and commercial users have different priorities for cost, range, durability and battery availability.
Market Segmentation by Vehicle Type
China’s electric two-wheeler battery market can be divided into three main vehicle categories: electric bicycles, electric mopeds and electric motorcycles. Their battery requirements differ mainly according to vehicle speed, range, power output, weight and intended use.
- Electric bicycles: A major mass-market segment, with battery demand driven by affordability, everyday commuting and replacement needs. Lead-acid remains relevant in cost-sensitive models, while lithium-ion is increasingly used where lower weight, longer range and better performance are priorities.
- Electric mopeds: Generally require more capable battery systems than basic electric bicycles, especially when higher speed, longer range or more frequent daily use is needed. Lithium-ion is increasingly relevant for models that prioritize lower weight and greater range, while lead-acid remains important in cost-sensitive applications.
- Electric motorcycles: Typically require higher battery capacity and power output because they operate at higher speeds and are designed for longer-distance or more demanding riding. Lithium-ion batteries are particularly important here, as their higher energy density allows greater range and performance without adding as much battery weight.
As vehicle requirements become more demanding, demand increasingly favors higher-performance and higher-value battery packs. For battery suppliers and OEMs, this means product portfolios need to cover different battery technologies, capacities and performance levels, making LFP vs NMC battery selection increasingly important rather than chasing a single “best” battery technology.
Market Segmentation by Application
Battery demand also differs significantly between consumer mobility and commercial applications. Consumer vehicles generally focus on affordability and everyday convenience, while delivery, logistics and sharing fleets place greater emphasis on durability, uptime and intensive battery use.
Key application segments include:
- Consumer mobility: Strong focus on affordability, everyday range, reliability and replacement cost. Battery cost and day-to-day convenience are often more important than maximum performance.
- Food delivery: High daily utilization, frequent charging or swapping, and a strong need for durability and uptime. Frequent use increases the importance of battery life and efficient charging or swapping.
- Logistics: Higher mileage and repeated daily operation, with fleet operators emphasizing service life, reliability and vehicle uptime because battery performance directly affects operating efficiency.
- Sharing mobility: Frequent vehicle use and a need for standardized, compliant battery systems that can be monitored, maintained and replaced efficiently across a fleet.
So the market is segmented not only by vehicle type, but also by how the vehicle is used. Consumer mobility supports large-scale battery volume, while commercial applications can generate higher battery utilization and recurring replacement demand.
For buyers, fleet operators and investors, the key takeaway is that the right battery depends first on the vehicle type and then on how intensively it is used. Cost, range, durability, utilization and charging or swapping infrastructure all need to be considered when matching a battery to a specific application.
Competitive Landscape of China’s Electric Two‑Wheeler Battery Industry
China’s electric two‑wheeler battery industry has a broad supplier base covering lead‑acid and lithium‑ion technologies. Tianneng and CHILWEE are major lead‑acid battery manufacturers, while Phylion, CATL and BYD are important participants in the lithium battery ecosystem. Electric two‑wheeler manufacturers such as Yadea, Aima, NIU and Ninebot integrate battery systems into vehicles for different consumer and commercial applications.
Competition differs by technology. Lead‑acid suppliers benefit from manufacturing scale, distribution networks and mature recycling systems, while lithium battery suppliers compete more on cell technology, BMS capabilities, safety, durability and system integration.
Leading Lead‑Acid Battery Manufacturers in China
Tianneng and CHILWEE (Chaowei) are two of the leading lead‑acid battery manufacturers serving China’s electric two‑wheeler market. Their established production, distribution and recycling capabilities help them stay strong in cost‑sensitive and replacement battery segments.
Tianneng has long supplied batteries for electric bicycles and other light electric vehicles in China. Its strengths include large‑scale manufacturing, broad market coverage and an established recycling network.
CHILWEE is another major lead‑acid battery supplier with extensive manufacturing and distribution capabilities. Its established supply chain allows it to serve electric two‑wheelers and other light electric vehicle applications across different price segments.
Recycling is particularly important in the lead‑acid market because used batteries contain materials that can be recovered and reused. Established collection and recycling networks can therefore support a more integrated production‑to‑replacement cycle.
Leading Lithium Battery Manufacturers for Two‑Wheelers
China’s lithium battery supply chain includes both specialized light electric vehicle suppliers and larger battery manufacturers. Phylion, CATL and BYD are relevant to the two‑wheeler battery ecosystem, but their market roles differ.
Phylion Battery has a more direct focus on light electric mobility and develops lithium battery products for electric bicycles, scooters and other two‑wheeler applications. Its experience in this market gives it a more specialized position.
CATL brings large‑scale lithium battery manufacturing and technology capabilities to smaller electric mobility applications. Its relevance to the two‑wheeler market is mainly linked to its battery technology and ability to develop systems for different mobility requirements.
BYD also has extensive lithium battery capabilities, particularly in LFP technology. For electric two‑wheelers, its relevance is mainly related to battery technology and system capabilities where safety, durability and cost are important.
In the lithium segment, competition is increasingly about cell technology, BMS, safety, durability and system integration.
Battery Suppliers and Vehicle OEM Partnerships
Battery suppliers and vehicle manufacturers work closely together because battery capacity, BMS, motor output, controller settings and charging systems need to work as a complete system. Major OEMs such as Yadea, Aima, NIU and Ninebot therefore select battery systems based on the cost, performance, range and design requirements of their vehicles.
For mass‑market electric bicycles and mopeds, OEMs generally prioritize cost, reliability, supply stability and compatibility with large‑scale production. Higher‑performance and commercial vehicles place greater emphasis on battery capacity, durability, battery life and operating efficiency.
Commercial vehicles can also require standardized battery systems, battery monitoring and, in some cases, compatibility with battery‑swapping systems. These requirements can influence battery specifications and supplier selection.
In practice, competition extends beyond battery manufacturers themselves. Battery suppliers provide the energy system, vehicle OEMs integrate it into the vehicle, and end users influence battery requirements through how the vehicles are used.
For buyers, fleet operators and investors, the key takeaway is that the competitive landscape is shaped less by a single “winner” and more by how well battery suppliers and OEMs match technology to specific vehicle types and use cases.
China Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Industry Ecosystem
China’s electric two-wheeler battery industry is supported by a connected ecosystem covering raw materials, battery manufacturing, pack assembly, vehicle integration and recycling. The close connection between these stages helps Chinese manufacturers scale production, coordinate supply and adapt battery systems to different vehicle applications.
Battery Manufacturing and Supply Chain Overview
China’s electric two-wheeler battery supply chain can be simplified into five stages:
Raw Materials → Battery Cells → Battery Packs → Vehicle Manufacturers → Users and Fleets
- Raw materials: Materials such as lead for lead-acid batteries; lithium, iron and phosphate for LFP batteries; and lithium, nickel, manganese and cobalt for NMC batteries provide the foundation for battery production.
- Battery cells: Cell manufacturers convert these materials into the basic energy-storage units used in different battery chemistries.
- Battery packs: Cells are assembled into complete packs with electrical connections, enclosures and, for lithium-ion systems, battery management systems (BMS).
- Vehicle manufacturers: OEMs such as Yadea, Aima, NIU and Ninebot integrate battery packs with motors, controllers and charging systems.
- Users and fleets: Consumer riders, delivery workers and logistics fleets create demand based on cost, range, durability and daily use.
The advantage is not simply having all these stages in one market. The close connection between battery suppliers and vehicle manufacturers makes it easier to develop, produce and adapt battery systems for different electric two-wheelers.
Battery Recycling and Circular Economy
Battery recycling is an important part of China’s electric two-wheeler battery ecosystem because large numbers of batteries eventually reach the end of their useful life.
Lead-acid battery recycling is relatively mature, with valuable lead recovered from used batteries and returned to the production cycle. This established recycling network supports the long-term economics of lead-acid batteries.
Lithium battery recycling is becoming increasingly important as lithium-ion adoption grows. Recycling can recover valuable materials from used battery packs, although the economics and processes vary by battery chemistry and pack design.[4]
As lithium-ion use expands, safe collection, battery traceability and material recovery are also becoming more important. Better end-of-life management can reduce waste, recover useful materials and improve resource efficiency across the battery value chain.
For battery suppliers and OEMs, this integrated ecosystem can make it easier to develop and scale battery systems for different vehicle segments. For investors, the key takeaway is that China’s competitive advantage lies in the full value chain, rather than in battery manufacturing alone.[5]
Future Trends of China Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Industry
Electric scooters and electric motorcycles both play important roles in modern electric mobility, but they are designed for different operational needs.
Electric scooters are typically the most efficient option for short-distance urban mobility, where maneuverability, compact size, and lower upfront costs are important. They work well in dense city environments, campus transportation, shared mobility programs, and short-range delivery operations.
Electric motorcycles, on the other hand, offer higher speed, longer range, and greater payload capacity, making them more suitable for delivery fleets, commercial logistics, and operations that require wider route coverage and heavier workloads.
For businesses evaluating electric two-wheelers, the key is not simply choosing the faster or cheaper vehicle. The right decision depends on route distance, payload requirements, regulatory conditions, charging infrastructure, and fleet utilization strategy.
By carefully considering these factors, companies can select the vehicle platform that best supports their long-term operational efficiency and business growth.
FAQ
What is the most popular battery type for electric two-wheelers in China?
Lead-acid remains widely used in China, particularly for cost-sensitive electric bicycles and replacement batteries. Lithium-ion is increasingly popular in new models, commercial fleets, and higher-performance two-wheelers where lower weight, longer range, and higher energy density are important.
Who are the largest electric two-wheeler battery manufacturers in China?
Major battery manufacturers include Tianneng and CHILWEE for lead-acid batteries, while Phylion, CATL, and BYD are important participants in the lithium battery ecosystem. Their market roles differ across vehicle types, battery technologies, and applications.
Are lithium batteries replacing lead-acid batteries in China?
Lithium-ion batteries are gaining market share, especially in new vehicles, commercial fleets, and higher-performance applications. However, lead-acid batteries remain important because of their lower cost, mature supply chain, established recycling network, and strong position in replacement markets.
What is the future of sodium-ion batteries in China?
Sodium-ion batteries have potential in cost-sensitive electric two-wheelers and commercial applications and are already being explored in pilot and early commercial use cases. However, energy density, production scale, supply chains, and market experience remain key challenges.
How big is China's electric two-wheeler battery market?
China has one of the world’s largest electric two-wheeler battery markets, supported by annual vehicle sales in the tens of millions and a large installed fleet. Battery demand comes from both new vehicles and recurring replacement across existing electric two-wheelers.
References
[1] International Energy Agency (2026) Global EV Outlook 2026 – Trends in other EV modes https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2026/trends-in-other-ev-modes
[2] Mordor Intelligence (2026) Electric Two-Wheeler Battery Market Size & Share Analysis – Growth Trends & Forecasts (2025 – 2030) https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/electric-two-wheeler-battery-market
[3] International Energy Agency (2025) Global EV Outlook 2025 – Trends in other light-duty electric vehicles https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2025/trends-in-other-light-duty-electric-vehicles
[4] McKinsey & Company (2023) Battery recycling takes the driver’s seat https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/battery-recycling-takes-the-drivers-seat
[5] BloombergNEF (2024) Battery Manufacturing: China’s Dominance in the Global Supply Chain https://about.bnef.com/
